Research Article
Outcome of Emergency Cholecystectomy at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
39-44
Received:
21 March 2024
Accepted:
8 April 2024
Published:
23 July 2024
Abstract: Background: Emergency cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for acute cholecystitis worldwide. However, in Ethiopia, it's only performed in a limited number of healthcare facilities, despite its recognition as the preferred treatment by many physicians. To date, there is no study examining the prevalence and outcomes of emergency cholecystectomy in Ethiopia. In our setting, this practice is relatively new, and its outcomes remain unstudied. Purpose: To assess the trends and outcome of emergency cholecystectomy at Yekatit 12 hospital medical college. Method: We employed a longitudinal study design, encompassing all patients who underwent emergency cholecystectomy throughout the study period. Data entry and analysis were conducted using SPSS statistical software version 25. Qualitative variables were depicted in frequencies and percentages, while continuous variables were summarized with mean and standard deviation (SD). Binary logistic regression was applied to evaluate the impact of independent variables on the outcome variable. A significance level of p < 0.05 was taken for statistical significance. Result: Between January 2022 and December 2023, 68 emergency cholecystectomies were performed. Females comprised 60.3% of the cases, with a mean age of 42.43 ± 14.03 years. Surgery for 44.1% of patients occurred between days 4 and 7 after symptom onset, while five patients underwent surgery after 10 days. The mean duration of surgery was 63.9 ± 17.14 minutes. Hospital stays ranged from 2 to 12 days, with a mean of 4.4 ± 2.47 days. Serum creatinine levels exceeding 1 mg/dl (p=0.004) were significantly linked to poor outcomes.
Abstract: Background: Emergency cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for acute cholecystitis worldwide. However, in Ethiopia, it's only performed in a limited number of healthcare facilities, despite its recognition as the preferred treatment by many physicians. To date, there is no study examining the prevalence and outcomes of emergency cholecystectom...
Show More
Research Article
Changes in the Prevalence of Diabetes in Bulgaria over an 18-Year Period (2006-2024)
Anna-Maria Borissova
,
Boyana Trifonova*,
Lilia Dakovska,
Neriman Topchieva,
Mircho Vukov
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
45-54
Received:
28 July 2024
Accepted:
16 August 2024
Published:
6 September 2024
Abstract: The international medical community is increasingly aware that diabetes is a major global health threat and poses increasing challenges to public health and health systems worldwide. Aim: To compare the results of three national cross-sectional studies on diabetes prevalence in Bulgaria (2006, 2012 and 2024) and to assess the dynamics. Material and Methods: The three studies included 2396, 2033 and 936 subjects respectively. The United Nation / The International Diabetes Federation (2006) diagnostic criteria were applied, and the data were evaluated according to type of settlement and age. Results: Diabetes prevalence was 7.9% in 2006 and 9.55% in 2012 (p = 0.06). This difference is due to the greater rise in men (9.2% to 11.5%, p = 0.09) compared to women (6.9% to 7.7%, NS). In the next period, 2012 - 2024, the prevalence of diabetes in general, as well as the prevalence in men and women increased significantly. (Diabetes in general - from 9.6% to 15.7%, p < 0.001; diabetic men - from 11.5% to 21.2%, p < 0.001; diabetic women – from 7.8% to 10.4%, p < 0.016). The prevalence of diabetes nearly doubled, while the population decreased and its structure, lifestyle and diet changed. Obesity significantly increased over a 18-year period - 2024 vs. 2006 (33.3% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes increased with age, with significant rise in the 30-39 age group for 2012 - 2024, from 1.7% to 4.5% (p < 0.047) and more sharply when comparing 2006 - 2024 – from 0.9% to 4.5% (p < 0.002). There was a similar increase in the next age group. For the age 60-79, the prevalence reached 29.9%, i.e. every third person. As arterial hypertension is significantly more common in diabetics, its role as a risk factor is indisputable. Conclusion: The health care system should be readjusted according to the new reality for early diagnose of diabetes in risk groups and adequate modern care.
Abstract: The international medical community is increasingly aware that diabetes is a major global health threat and poses increasing challenges to public health and health systems worldwide. Aim: To compare the results of three national cross-sectional studies on diabetes prevalence in Bulgaria (2006, 2012 and 2024) and to assess the dynamics. Material and...
Show More
