Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)

Auda Jabbar Braihi; Sihama Issa Salih; Fadhel Abbas Hashem

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)

Auda Jabbar Braihi, Sihama Issa Salih, Fadhel Abbas Hashem

Published in International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 4, Issue 2-1)

Received: 17 November 2014 Accepted: 4 December 2014 Published: 27 December 2014

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Abstract

Uncross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) / starch blend used to prepare two hydrogels; the first is cross-linked CMC / starch with aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker and the second is SHNCs manufactured from incorporation of 0.3wt% nano graphite oxide (GO) in the above cross-linked blend. Viscoelastic and rheological properties of these two hydrogels were studied and compared with the uncross-linked blend. Results showed that the cross-linking process increases the blend miscibility and converted it to miscible blend. The SHNCs hydrogel has the higher Tg and the uncross-linked blend has the higher Tan δ. GO addition causes increment in some viscoelastic parameters such as G*, G', and G", and decrement in damping parameters and make the damping behavior more stable at lower frequencies, and causes increment for all rheological parameters (η* , ηo, ηf , and GNo). GO addition leads, also, to the absence of the shear thickening behavior and increases both the entanglement density and the molecular weight average. Both hydrogels exhibited broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and highly cross-linking degree and their elastic behavior predominates; makes them rigid specially at higher frequencies.

Published in	International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 4, Issue 2-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Steel and Direct Reduced Iron (sponge Iron) Industry
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
Page(s)	30-36
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Viscoelastic Properties, Rheology, Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nanocomposites (SHNCs), Graphite Oxide(GO), Carboxymethyl Cellulose(CMC)

References

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[3]	"Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)" G.E. Plastic Applied technology Notes,No.2.
[4]	S. B. DRISCOL "Using Rheological Measurements for Quality Assurance" Quality Assurance of Polymeric Materials/Products,83-102, ASTM STP846.
[5]	C. Clasen, W. Kulicke" Determination of viscoelastic and rheo-optical material functions of water-soluble cellulose derivatives" Prog. Polym. Sci. 26 ,2001.
[6]	G. Larson "Rheology and Structure of Complex Fluids" Oxford University Press, 1999.
[7]	M. Kontopoulou" Applied Polymer Rheology: Polymeric Fluids with Industrial Applications" John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.
[8]	www.pcoe.org.nz, Plastic Centre of Excellence. The University of Auckland, 2012.
[9]	Thomas A. Luckenbach "DMTA: Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis" Rheometrics, Inc., U.S.A.
[10]	C.Komalan, K.E. George, P.A.S. Kumar, K. T. Varughese, S. Thomas "Dynamic mechanical analysis of binary and ternary polymer blends based on nylon copolymer/EPDM rubber and EPM grafted maleic anhydride compatibilizer" eXPRESS polymer letters vol.1, No.10 (2007) 641-653.
[11]	K.PAL, A.K. BANTHI, D.K.MAJUMDAR" Polymeric Hydrogels: Characterization and Applications – A mini review" Designed Monomers and Polymers, 12,2009.
[12]	A.K Van der Vegt "From Polymer to Plastics" Delft University Press, The Netherlands, 2002.
[13]	M.J Ramazani-Harandi, M.J Zohuriaan-Mehr, A .A. Yousefi, A, Ershad-Langroudi, K. Kabiri " Test Method: Rheological determination of the swollen gel strength of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels" Polymer Testing 25,470-474, 2006.

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Auda Jabbar Braihi, Sihama Issa Salih, Fadhel Abbas Hashem. (2014). Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs). International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 4(2-1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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ACS Style

Auda Jabbar Braihi; Sihama Issa Salih; Fadhel Abbas Hashem. Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs). Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2014, 4(2-1), 30-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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AMA Style

Auda Jabbar Braihi, Sihama Issa Salih, Fadhel Abbas Hashem. Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs). Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2014;4(2-1):30-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16,
  author = {Auda Jabbar Braihi and Sihama Issa Salih and Fadhel Abbas Hashem},
  title = {Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2-1},
  pages = {30-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16},
  abstract = {Uncross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) / starch blend used to prepare two hydrogels; the first is cross-linked CMC / starch with aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker and the second is SHNCs manufactured from incorporation of 0.3wt% nano graphite oxide (GO) in the above cross-linked blend. Viscoelastic and rheological properties of these two hydrogels were studied and compared with the uncross-linked blend. Results showed that the cross-linking process increases the blend miscibility and converted it to miscible blend. The SHNCs hydrogel has the higher Tg and the uncross-linked blend has the higher Tan δ. GO addition causes increment in some viscoelastic parameters such as G*, G', and G", and decrement in damping parameters and make the damping behavior more stable at lower frequencies, and causes increment for all rheological parameters (η* , ηo, ηf , and GNo). GO addition leads, also, to the absence of the shear thickening behavior and increases both the entanglement density and the molecular weight average. Both hydrogels exhibited broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and highly cross-linking degree and their elastic behavior predominates; makes them rigid specially at higher frequencies.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)
AU  - Auda Jabbar Braihi
AU  - Sihama Issa Salih
AU  - Fadhel Abbas Hashem
Y1  - 2014/12/27
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP  - 30
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2643
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
AB  - Uncross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) / starch blend used to prepare two hydrogels; the first is cross-linked CMC / starch with aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker and the second is SHNCs manufactured from incorporation of 0.3wt% nano graphite oxide (GO) in the above cross-linked blend. Viscoelastic and rheological properties of these two hydrogels were studied and compared with the uncross-linked blend. Results showed that the cross-linking process increases the blend miscibility and converted it to miscible blend. The SHNCs hydrogel has the higher Tg and the uncross-linked blend has the higher Tan δ. GO addition causes increment in some viscoelastic parameters such as G*, G', and G", and decrement in damping parameters and make the damping behavior more stable at lower frequencies, and causes increment for all rheological parameters (η* , ηo, ηf , and GNo). GO addition leads, also, to the absence of the shear thickening behavior and increases both the entanglement density and the molecular weight average. Both hydrogels exhibited broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and highly cross-linking degree and their elastic behavior predominates; makes them rigid specially at higher frequencies.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2-1
ER  -

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Author Information

Auda Jabbar Braihi

Babylon University, College of Materials Engineering, Polymer and Petrochemical Industries Department, Babylon, Iraq
Sihama Issa Salih

University of Technology, Materials Engineering, Baghdad, Iraq
Fadhel Abbas Hashem

University of Technology, Materials Engineering, Baghdad, Iraq

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APA Style

Auda Jabbar Braihi, Sihama Issa Salih, Fadhel Abbas Hashem. (2014). Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs). International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 4(2-1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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ACS Style

Auda Jabbar Braihi; Sihama Issa Salih; Fadhel Abbas Hashem. Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs). Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2014, 4(2-1), 30-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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AMA Style

Auda Jabbar Braihi, Sihama Issa Salih, Fadhel Abbas Hashem. Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs). Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2014;4(2-1):30-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16,
  author = {Auda Jabbar Braihi and Sihama Issa Salih and Fadhel Abbas Hashem},
  title = {Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2-1},
  pages = {30-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16},
  abstract = {Uncross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) / starch blend used to prepare two hydrogels; the first is cross-linked CMC / starch with aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker and the second is SHNCs manufactured from incorporation of 0.3wt% nano graphite oxide (GO) in the above cross-linked blend. Viscoelastic and rheological properties of these two hydrogels were studied and compared with the uncross-linked blend. Results showed that the cross-linking process increases the blend miscibility and converted it to miscible blend. The SHNCs hydrogel has the higher Tg and the uncross-linked blend has the higher Tan δ. GO addition causes increment in some viscoelastic parameters such as G*, G', and G", and decrement in damping parameters and make the damping behavior more stable at lower frequencies, and causes increment for all rheological parameters (η* , ηo, ηf , and GNo). GO addition leads, also, to the absence of the shear thickening behavior and increases both the entanglement density and the molecular weight average. Both hydrogels exhibited broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and highly cross-linking degree and their elastic behavior predominates; makes them rigid specially at higher frequencies.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)
AU  - Auda Jabbar Braihi
AU  - Sihama Issa Salih
AU  - Fadhel Abbas Hashem
Y1  - 2014/12/27
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP  - 30
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2643
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.s.2015040201.16
AB  - Uncross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) / starch blend used to prepare two hydrogels; the first is cross-linked CMC / starch with aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker and the second is SHNCs manufactured from incorporation of 0.3wt% nano graphite oxide (GO) in the above cross-linked blend. Viscoelastic and rheological properties of these two hydrogels were studied and compared with the uncross-linked blend. Results showed that the cross-linking process increases the blend miscibility and converted it to miscible blend. The SHNCs hydrogel has the higher Tg and the uncross-linked blend has the higher Tan δ. GO addition causes increment in some viscoelastic parameters such as G*, G', and G", and decrement in damping parameters and make the damping behavior more stable at lower frequencies, and causes increment for all rheological parameters (η* , ηo, ηf , and GNo). GO addition leads, also, to the absence of the shear thickening behavior and increases both the entanglement density and the molecular weight average. Both hydrogels exhibited broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and highly cross-linking degree and their elastic behavior predominates; makes them rigid specially at higher frequencies.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2-1
ER  -

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