Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules

Gizachew Girma; Zemenu Yesigat

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

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Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules

Gizachew Girma, Zemenu Yesigat

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 7 October 2015 Accepted: 26 October 2015 Published: 7 December 2015

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Abstract

Ethiopia- a party to CPB- needs to benefit from the advantages of modern biotechnology, by managing the possible risks occasioned as a result of the application of the technology on human and animal health, biological diversity and the environment. In an attempt to implement the obligations under the protocol, the country promulgated Biosafety proclamation and Directives which regulate among other things import of GMOs. As Ethiopia is on the way to join the WTO, compatibility of the legal system with WTO rules that would otherwise affect international trade has paramount importance either to facilitate the accession or to prevent future trade disputes before the WTO dispute settlement body. And hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the regulatory framework of import regulation of GMOs in Ethiopia and to assess its compatibility with WTO rules- namely SPS, TBT and GATT agreements.

Published in	Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11
Page(s)	286-292
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Import Regulation, Ethiopia, WTO, SPS, TBT, GATT, GMO

References

[1]	Aaron A. Ostrovsky, 2004, the EC Regulations for GMO and the Current WTO Dispute -Human Health or Environmental Measures? 15 COLO. J. INT'L ENVTL. L. & POL'Y 209.
[2]	Daniele Manzella& Jessica Vapnek, 2007, Development of an analytical tool to assess Biosecurity legislation, FAO LEGISLATIVE STUDY 96, Rome.
[3]	Matthew Stilwell And Brennan Van Dyke, 1999, An Activist’s Handbook On Genetically Modified Organisms And The WTO, Second Edition.
[4]	EFDR Biosafety proclamation No. 655/2009, Federal Negarit Gazeta (Page 4962- 4975), 15th Year No. 63, Addis Ababa, 2009.
[5]	Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity, Feb. 23, 2000.
[6]	WTO Legal Texts Result of the Uruguay Round Final Text, e-leg-gen-5. doc; Annex 1A of the Marrakech Agreement Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ("GATT1994").
[7]	WTO Legal Texts Result of the Uruguay Round Final Text, e-leg-sps-14.doc; Annex 1A of the Marrakech Agreement, Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods, agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures.
[8]	WTO Legal Texts Result of the Uruguay Round Final Text, e-leg-tbt-16. doc; Annex 1A of the Marrakech Agreement, Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods, Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.
[9]	WTO, Report of the Appellate Body, European Communities -- Measures Affecting Asbestos and Asbestos Containing Products, WT/DS135/AB/R (Mar. 2001).
[10]	WTO, Report of the Appellate Body, European Communities -- Trade Description of Sardines, WT/DS231/AB/R (Sept. 2002).
[11]	WTO, Report of the Panel, European Communities - Measures Affecting the Approval and Marketing of Biotech Products, WT/DS291/R, (Sept. 2002).

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APA Style

Gizachew Girma, Zemenu Yesigat. (2015). Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 286-292. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

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ACS Style

Gizachew Girma; Zemenu Yesigat. Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015, 3(6), 286-292. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

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AMA Style

Gizachew Girma, Zemenu Yesigat. Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules. Humanit Soc Sci. 2015;3(6):286-292. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11,
  author = {Gizachew Girma and Zemenu Yesigat},
  title = {Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {286-292},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20150306.11},
  abstract = {Ethiopia- a party to CPB- needs to benefit from the advantages of modern biotechnology, by managing the possible risks occasioned as a result of the application of the technology on human and animal health, biological diversity and the environment. In an attempt to implement the obligations under the protocol, the country promulgated Biosafety proclamation and Directives which regulate among other things import of GMOs. As Ethiopia is on the way to join the WTO, compatibility of the legal system with WTO rules that would otherwise affect international trade has paramount importance either to facilitate the accession or to prevent future trade disputes before the WTO dispute settlement body. And hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the regulatory framework of import regulation of GMOs in Ethiopia and to assess its compatibility with WTO rules- namely SPS, TBT and GATT agreements.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules
AU  - Gizachew Girma
AU  - Zemenu Yesigat
Y1  - 2015/12/07
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DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 286
EP  - 292
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11
AB  - Ethiopia- a party to CPB- needs to benefit from the advantages of modern biotechnology, by managing the possible risks occasioned as a result of the application of the technology on human and animal health, biological diversity and the environment. In an attempt to implement the obligations under the protocol, the country promulgated Biosafety proclamation and Directives which regulate among other things import of GMOs. As Ethiopia is on the way to join the WTO, compatibility of the legal system with WTO rules that would otherwise affect international trade has paramount importance either to facilitate the accession or to prevent future trade disputes before the WTO dispute settlement body. And hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the regulatory framework of import regulation of GMOs in Ethiopia and to assess its compatibility with WTO rules- namely SPS, TBT and GATT agreements.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Gizachew Girma

College of Law, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Zemenu Yesigat

College of Law, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Gizachew Girma, Zemenu Yesigat. (2015). Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 286-292. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

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ACS Style

Gizachew Girma; Zemenu Yesigat. Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015, 3(6), 286-292. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

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AMA Style

Gizachew Girma, Zemenu Yesigat. Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules. Humanit Soc Sci. 2015;3(6):286-292. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11,
  author = {Gizachew Girma and Zemenu Yesigat},
  title = {Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {286-292},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20150306.11},
  abstract = {Ethiopia- a party to CPB- needs to benefit from the advantages of modern biotechnology, by managing the possible risks occasioned as a result of the application of the technology on human and animal health, biological diversity and the environment. In an attempt to implement the obligations under the protocol, the country promulgated Biosafety proclamation and Directives which regulate among other things import of GMOs. As Ethiopia is on the way to join the WTO, compatibility of the legal system with WTO rules that would otherwise affect international trade has paramount importance either to facilitate the accession or to prevent future trade disputes before the WTO dispute settlement body. And hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the regulatory framework of import regulation of GMOs in Ethiopia and to assess its compatibility with WTO rules- namely SPS, TBT and GATT agreements.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Compatibility of Ethiopia’s Import Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) with WTO Rules
AU  - Gizachew Girma
AU  - Zemenu Yesigat
Y1  - 2015/12/07
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 286
EP  - 292
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.11
AB  - Ethiopia- a party to CPB- needs to benefit from the advantages of modern biotechnology, by managing the possible risks occasioned as a result of the application of the technology on human and animal health, biological diversity and the environment. In an attempt to implement the obligations under the protocol, the country promulgated Biosafety proclamation and Directives which regulate among other things import of GMOs. As Ethiopia is on the way to join the WTO, compatibility of the legal system with WTO rules that would otherwise affect international trade has paramount importance either to facilitate the accession or to prevent future trade disputes before the WTO dispute settlement body. And hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore the regulatory framework of import regulation of GMOs in Ethiopia and to assess its compatibility with WTO rules- namely SPS, TBT and GATT agreements.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download