In the given work, the formation mechanism and kinetics of nano skin obtained on the super-pure (6N – 7N+) gallium melts surface during oxidation in air at temperature range 20 – 100°C is studied by methods of TG, SEM–EDX and AES. It is shown that, as a result of penetration of oxygen atoms (released by dissociative adsorption) in the layered subsurface with 5 – 6 atomic diameter thickness, transforms to amorphous gallium oxide elastic skin, such as continuous nanoshell of equal thickness ( 15 Å) on the whole surface of the melt. The growth of the mentioned oxide skin thickness formed in the first seconds, obeys more retarded linear kinetics up to 100°C, and after few hours its thickness reaches 50 nm. Further oxidation process in the atmospheric condition at room temperature practically stops.
| Published in |
American Journal of Nano Research and Applications (Volume 5, Issue 3-1)
This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnologies |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18 |
| Page(s) | 33-36 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Liquid Gallium (L-Ga), Super-Pure Gallium, Oxidation, Nanoskin, SEM–EDX, TG, AES
| [1] | E. Di Masi, H. Tostmann, B. M. Ocko, P. S. Pershan, and M. Deutsch, “X-ray reflectivity study of temperature-dependent surface layering in liquid Hg,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 58, pp. R13419–R13422, 1998. |
| [2] | H. Tostmann, E. Di Masi, P. S. Pershan, B. M. Ocko, O. G. Shpyrko, and M. Deutsch, “Surface structure of liquid metals and the effect of capillary waves: X-ray studies on liquid indium,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 59, pp. 783–791, 1999. |
| [3] | M. J. Regan, P. S. Pershan, O. M. Magnussen, B. M. Ocko, M. Deutsch, and L. E. Berman, “Capillary-wave roughening of surface-induced layering in liquid gallium,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 54, pp. 9730–9733, 1996. |
| [4] | O. M. Magnussen, B. M. Ocko, M. J. Regan, K. Penanen, P. S. Pershan, and M. Deutsch, “X-Ray reflectivity measurements of surface layering in liquid mercury,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 74, pp. 4444–4447, 1995. |
| [5] | M. J. Regan, H. Tostmann, P. S. Pershan, O. M. Magnussen, E. Di Masi, B. M. Ocko, and M. Deutsch, “X-ray study of the oxidation of liquid-gallium surfaces,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 55, pp. 10786–10789, 1997. |
| [6] | E. Kutelia, D. Tsivtsivadze, B. Kutelia, and P. Kervalishvili, “Method of refinement gallium from impurities”, Patent GE #136A1(GE), C22B,9/00,58/00,1996. |
| [7] | E. Kutelia, B. Kutelia, and D. Tsivtsivadze, “Obtaining of nano-structured membrane for the purification of liquid gallium from impurities up to 8N,” In: “Proc. Int. Cong. Nanotechnol.,” San Francisco, 2005. |
| [8] | E. Kutelia, G. Kvinikadze, E. Sanaia, and T. Dzigrashvili, “Efficiency of application of super-pure gallium (≥ 7N+) obtained by membrane technology for production of high quality GaAs single crystals”, In: “Proc. Int. Sci. Conf. Adv. Mater. & Technol.,” Tbilisi, Universal, pp. 52 –54, 2015. |
| [9] | E. Kutelia, G. Kvinikadze, and T. Dzigrashvili, “Investigation of the isotopic abundance ratio in the super-pure (7N+) gallium melt obtained by the method of membrane purification”, Georg. Eng. News, vol. 1, pp. 45–49, 2014. |
| [10] | A. Ayyad and F. Aqra, “Theoretical consideration of the anomalous temperature dependence of the surface tension of pure liquid gallium,” Theo. Chem. Acc., vol. 127, pp. 443–448, 2010. |
APA Style
Giorgi Kvinikadze, Elguja Kutelia. (2017). Investigation of Nanoskin Peculiarities Formed During Oxidation of Liquid Gallium Surface. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 5(3-1), 33-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18
ACS Style
Giorgi Kvinikadze; Elguja Kutelia. Investigation of Nanoskin Peculiarities Formed During Oxidation of Liquid Gallium Surface. Am. J. Nano Res. Appl. 2017, 5(3-1), 33-36. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18,
author = {Giorgi Kvinikadze and Elguja Kutelia},
title = {Investigation of Nanoskin Peculiarities Formed During Oxidation of Liquid Gallium Surface},
journal = {American Journal of Nano Research and Applications},
volume = {5},
number = {3-1},
pages = {33-36},
doi = {10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.s.2017050301.18},
abstract = {In the given work, the formation mechanism and kinetics of nano skin obtained on the super-pure (6N – 7N+) gallium melts surface during oxidation in air at temperature range 20 – 100°C is studied by methods of TG, SEM–EDX and AES. It is shown that, as a result of penetration of oxygen atoms (released by dissociative adsorption) in the layered subsurface with 5 – 6 atomic diameter thickness, transforms to amorphous gallium oxide elastic skin, such as continuous nanoshell of equal thickness ( 15 Å) on the whole surface of the melt. The growth of the mentioned oxide skin thickness formed in the first seconds, obeys more retarded linear kinetics up to 100°C, and after few hours its thickness reaches 50 nm. Further oxidation process in the atmospheric condition at room temperature practically stops.},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of Nanoskin Peculiarities Formed During Oxidation of Liquid Gallium Surface AU - Giorgi Kvinikadze AU - Elguja Kutelia Y1 - 2017/02/06 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18 DO - 10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18 T2 - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications JF - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications JO - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications SP - 33 EP - 36 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-3738 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.s.2017050301.18 AB - In the given work, the formation mechanism and kinetics of nano skin obtained on the super-pure (6N – 7N+) gallium melts surface during oxidation in air at temperature range 20 – 100°C is studied by methods of TG, SEM–EDX and AES. It is shown that, as a result of penetration of oxygen atoms (released by dissociative adsorption) in the layered subsurface with 5 – 6 atomic diameter thickness, transforms to amorphous gallium oxide elastic skin, such as continuous nanoshell of equal thickness ( 15 Å) on the whole surface of the melt. The growth of the mentioned oxide skin thickness formed in the first seconds, obeys more retarded linear kinetics up to 100°C, and after few hours its thickness reaches 50 nm. Further oxidation process in the atmospheric condition at room temperature practically stops. VL - 5 IS - 3-1 ER -
Email: